Anatomical variations of the ethmoid sinuses and their association with health or pathology of the ethmoid and maxillary sinuses in a Southern Chinese population: An analysis using cone-beam computed tomography
Hui Liuling, Hung Kuo Feng, Yeung Andy Wai Kan, von Arx Thomas, Leung Yiu Yan, Bornstein Michael M.,
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( Hui Liuling ) - University of Hong Kong Faculty of Dentistry Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
( Hung Kuo Feng ) - University of Hong Kong Faculty of Dentistry Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
( Yeung Andy Wai Kan ) - University of Hong Kong Faculty of Dentistry Division of Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care
( von Arx Thomas ) - University of Bern School of Dental Medicine Department of Oral Surgery and Stomatology
( Leung Yiu Yan ) - University of Hong Kong Faculty of Dentistry Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
( Bornstein Michael M. ) - University of Hong Kong Faculty of Dentistry Division of Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of clinically relevant anatomical variations of the ethmoid sinuses and their potential association with ethmoid and maxillary sinus pathologies on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. Additionally, potential associations with different sides and demographic factors, including age and sex, were evaluated.
Materials and Methods: In total, 273 CBCT scans with complete ethmoid and maxillary sinuses were analyzed to determine the prevalence of Agger nasi cell, supraorbital ethmoid cell, Haller cell, Onodi cell, and ethmomaxillary sinus. In addition, the health or pathology of the ethmoid and maxillary sinuses was also recorded to assess correlations with the aforementioned variations.
Results: The prevalence of Agger nasi cell was found to be the highest (95.6%) in this study, followed by Onodi cell (60.4%), Haller cell (29.3%), and supraorbital ethmoid cell (19.4%). Ethmomaxillary sinus was the least common finding (16.5%). Males and persons above 61 years of age had a significantly higher frequency of supraorbital ethmoid cell and Onodi cell, respectively. However, no significant relationships were noted between anatomical variations of the ethmoid sinus and pathologies of the ethmoid or maxillary sinus.
Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of ethmoid sinus variations in this Southern Chinese population. The prevalence of Agger nasi cell and Onodi cell was higher than that of other anatomical variations of the ethmoid sinuses. Anatomical variations of the ethmoid sinuses were not associated with ethmoid or maxillary sinus pathologies in this patient cohort.
키워드
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Maxillary Sinus; Ethmoid Sinus
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